2014年1月25日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案： How to spot a liar

2014年1月25日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案： How to spot a liar

However much we may abhor it, deception comes naturally to all living things. Birds do it by feigning injury to lead hungry predators away from nesting young. Spider crabs do it by disguise: adorning themselves with strips of kelp and other debris, they pretend to be something they are not – and so escape their enemies. Nature amply rewards successful deceivers by allowing them to survive long enough to mate and reproduce. So it may come as no surprise to learn that human beings- who, according to psychologist Gerald Johnson of the University of South California, or lied to about 200 times a day, roughly one untruth every 5 minutes- often deceive for exactly the same reasons: to save their own skins or to get something they can’t get by other means.

But knowing how to catch deceit can be just as important a survival skill as knowing how to tell a lie and get away with it. A person able to spot falsehood quickly is unlikely to be swindled by an unscrupulous business associate or hoodwinked by a devious spouse. Luckily, nature provides more than enough clues to trap dissemblers in their own tangled webs- if you know where to look. By closely observing facial expressions, body language and tone of voice, practically anyone can recognise the tell-tale signs of lying. Researchers are even programming computers – like those used on Lie Detector -to get at the truth by analysing the same physical cues available to the naked eye and ear. “With the proper training, many people can learn to reliably detect lies,” says Paul Ekman, professor of psychology at the University of California, San Francisco, who has spent the past 15 years studying the secret art of deception.

In order to know what kind of Lies work best, successful liars need to accurately assess other people’s emotional states. Ackman’s research shows that this same emotional intelligence is essential for good lie detectors, too. The emotional state to watch out for is stress, the conflict most liars feel between the truth and what they actually say and do.

Even high-tech lie detectors don’t detect lies as such; they merely detect the physical cues of emotions, which may or may not correspond to what the person being tested is saying. Polygraphs, for instance, measure respiration, heart rate and skin conductivity, which tend to increase when people are nervous – as they usually are when lying. Nervous people typically perspire, and the salts contained in perspiration conducts electricity. That’s why sudden leap in skin conductivity indicates nervousness -about getting caught, perhaps -which makes, in turn, suggest that 。。。。。。余下雅思阅读真题原文省略！

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage?

In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write

YES - if the statement agrees with the information

NO - if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN - if there is no information on this

1 All living animals can lie.

2 Some people tell lies for self-preservation.

3 Scientists have used computers to analyze which part of the brain is responsible for telling lies.

4 Lying as a survival skill is more important than detecting a lie.

5 To be a good liar, one has to understand other people's emotions.

Questions 6-9

Choose the correct letter A, B, C or D.

Write your answers in boxes 6-9.

6. How does the lie detector work?

A It detects whether one's emotional state is stable.

B It detects one’s brain activity level.

C It detects body behavior during one's verbal response.

D It analyses one's verbal response word by word.

7. Lie detectors can't be used as evidence in a court of law because

A Lights often cause lie detectors to malfunction.

B They are based on too many verbal and non-verbal clues.

C Polygraph tests are often inaccurate.

D There may be many causes of certain body behavior.

。。。。。余下雅思阅读真题题目及答案省略！

2014年1月25日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案： How to spot a liar，完整版，10元有偿下载！