2014年12月6日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Is Graffiti Art or Crime

2014年12月6日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Is Graffiti Art or Crime

A

The term graffiti derives from the Italian graffito meaning ‘scratching’ and can be defined as uninvited marking or writing scratched or applied to objects, built structures and natural features. It is not a new phenomenon: examples can be found on ancient structures around the world, in some cases predating the Greeks and Romans. In such circumstances it has acquired invaluable historical and archaeological significance, providing a social history of life and events at that time. Graffiti is now a problem that has become pervasive, as a result of the availability of cheap and quick means of mark-making.

B

It is usually considered a priority to remove graffiti as quickly as possible after it appears. This is for several reasons. The first is to prevent ‘copy-cat’ emulation which can occur rapidly once a clean surface is defaced. It may also be of a racist or otherwise offensive nature and many companies and councils have a policy of removing this type of graffiti within an hour or two of it being reported. Also, as paints, glues and inks dry out over time they can become increasingly difficult to remove and are usually best dealt with as soon as possible after the incident. Graffiti can also lead to move serious forms of vandalism and, ultimately, the deterioration of an area, contributing to social decline.

C

Although graffiti may be regarded as an eyesore, any proposal to remove it from sensitive historic surfaces should be carefully considered: techniques designed for more robust or utilitarian surfaces may result in considerable damage. In the event of graffiti incidents, it is important that the owners of buildings or other structures and their consultants are aware of the approach they should take in dealing with the problem. The police should be informed as there may be other related attacks occurring locally. An incidence pattern can identify possible culprits, as can stylised signatures or nicknames, known as ‘tags’, which may already be familiar to local police. Photographs are useful to record graffiti incidents and may assist the police in bringing a prosecution. Such images are also required for insurance claims and can be helpful in cleaning operatives, allowing them to see the problem area before arriving on site.

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Questions 1-6

Reading passage has seven paragraphs, A-G.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

1 why chemically cleaning graffiti may cause damage

2 the benefit of a precautionary strategy on the gentle removal

3 the damaging and accumulative impact of graffiti on the community

4 the need for different preventive measures being taken to cope with graffiti

5 a legal proposal made to the owner of building against graffiti

6 the reasons for removing graffiti as soon as possible.

Questions 7-8

Choose TWO letters, A-E

Write your answers in boxes 7-8 on your answer sheet.

Which two statements are true concerning the removal of graffiti

A cocktail removal can be safer than water treatment

B small patch trial before applying large scale of removing

C Chemical treatments are the most expensive way of removing

D there are risks for both Chemical and medication method

E mechanical removals are much more applicable than Chemical treatments

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