2021年12月18日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：The history of the guitar

2021年12月18日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：The history of the guitar

The word 'guitar' was brought into English as an adaptation of the Spanish word 'guitarra', which was, in turn, derived from the Greek 'kithara'. Tracing the roots of the word further back into linguistic history, it seems to have been a combination of the Indo-European stem 'guit-', meaning music, and the root ’-tar’, meaning chord or string. The root '-tar' is actually common to a number of languages, and can also be found in the word ’sitar', also a stringed musical instrument. Although the spelling and pronunciation differ between languages, these key elements have been present in most words for 'guitar' throughout history.

While the guitar may have gained most of its popularity as a musical instrument during the modern era, guitar-like instruments have been in existence in numerous cultures throughout the world for more than 5,000 years. The earliest instruments that the modern eye and ear would recognise as a 'normal' acoustic guitar date from about 500 years ago. Prior to this time, stringed instruments were in use throughout the world, but these early instruments are known primarily from visual depictions, not from the continued existence of music written for them. The majority of these depictions show simple stringed instruments, often lacking some of the parts that define a modern guitar. A number of these instruments have more in common with the lute than the guitar.

There is some uncertainty about the exact date of the earliest six-string guitar. The oldest one still in existence, which was made by Gaetano Vinaccia, is dated 1779. However, the authenticity of six-string guitars alleged to have been made prior to 1790 is often suspect, as many fakes have been discovered dating to this era. The early nineteenth century is generally accepted as the time period during which six-string guitars began taking on their modern shape and dimensions. Thus for nearly two hundred years, luthiers, or guitar makers, have been producing versions of the modern acoustic guitar.

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Questions 1-7

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.

1 Despite differences in 1【】 , ‘guit-‘ and ‘

2 Instruments that we would call acoustic guitars have been made and played for approximately 2【】

3 No one knows the 3【】 when the first six-string guitar was made.

4 The 4【】 of acoustic guitars have not changed much in 200 years.

5 A 5【】 for an electric guitar was issued in the mid-1930s.

6 Les Paul, the well-known 6【】 guitarist, was involved in the development of the electric guitar.

7 Most 7【】 of the guitar know little about its rich history.

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