雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：THE SEARCH FOR FRESH WATER

雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：THE SEARCH FOR FRESH WATER

雅思阅读真题原文如下：

The assertion that water has always been the essence of life is nothing new. Water comes in many forms: spring water, sea and river water, rainwater, and fog and dew water. Yet water is becoming scarce and this scarcity is becoming a very real worry for governments all around the world. The reality is that one of the main obstacles to the economic development of a particular country is its lack of an adequate supply of fresh water. Current figures show that an inhabitant of a wealthy, modern town consumes 100-400 litres of water daily. In some developing countries the amount of water consumed does not exceed 20-30 litres per day. Rich or poor, annual water consumption has continued to grow, increasing fourfold over the last 50 years.

The world’s fresh water supplies are drawn from a number of sources. The largest cache of the estimated 35 million km3 fresh water reserve is located in glaciers and snow. The amount contained in these ‘storehouses’ has been estimated to be around 24 million km3. Ground water is also a big contributor to the world’s fresh water supplies amounting to an estimated 10.5 million km3. Considering that the total volume of water, salt and fresh, is estimated to be around 400 million km3 it can be clearly seen that the amount of fresh water available in the world is only the proverbial ‘drop in the bucket՝. Artesian wells, rivers and lakes only account for about 0.1 and 0.5 million km3 respectively, all of which include atmospheric precipitation such as rain and snow.

Since water is such an important commodity, various attempts to acquire stores of it have been tried with varying degrees of success. The question of what are the alternative water sources available to us today is not an easy one to answer but is certainly worthy of our best efforts to find one. One such area of interest has been desalination – the turning of salt water into drinkable water. As there is much more salt water on the earth than dry land, the idea of using desalinated seawater seems a logical one. However, some estimates put the annual quantity of desalinated water at only around ten cubic kilometres – a tiny amount given the amount of sea water available. In parts of Senegal, for example, the greenhouse effect has been one way to desalinate seawater whereby the salt in the water is separated from the water through a process of evaporation. As part of the 。。。。。余下雅思阅读真题原文省略！

Questions 27-29

Choose the correct letter, A, B. C or D

Write your answers in boxes 27-29 on your answer sheet.

27As a method of obtaining fresh water, fog

A forms best when the air is dry.

B is easier to collect than dew.

C is being tried in a large-scale way in Senegal.

D is not easy to collect.

28 Small-scale ‘greenhouse effect’ desalination

A uses a considerable amount of energy.

B is the most effective way to obtain larger water reserves.

C uses very little energy.

D burns quite a lot of fossil fuel.

29One of the largest stores of fresh water in the world is

A rivers and lakes.

B atmospheric rain and snow.

C ground water.

D artesian wells

Questions 30-34

Complete each sentence with the correct ending A-F from the box below.

Write the correct letter A-F in boxes 30-34 on your answer sheet.

A is quite popular due to it not being too affected by temperature and location.

B is being tried via an evaporation process.

C is not energy efficient.

D is best for poorer countries.

E is made up of both clouds and water vapour.

F is increased when temperatures fall rapidly.

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