雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：The Brains Business

雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：The Brains Business

雅思阅读真题原文如下：

A. For those of a certain age and educational background, it is hard to think of higher education without thinking of ancient institutions. Some universities are of a venerable age - the University of bologna was founded in 1088, the University of Oxford in 1096 - and many of them have a strong sense of tradition. The truly old ones make the most of their pedigrees, and those of a more recent vintage work hard to create an aura of antiquity. Yet these tradition-loving (or -creating) institutions are currently enduring a thunderstorm of changes so fundamental that some say the very idea of the university is being challenged. Universities are experimenting with new ways of funding (most notably through student fees), forging partnerships with private companies and engaging in mergers and acquisitions. Such changes ate tugging at the ivy's toots.

B. This is happening for four reasons. The first is the democratisation of higher educa-tion - “massification". in the language of the educational profession. In the rich world, massification has been going on for some time. The proportion of adults with higher educational qualifications in developed countries almost doubled between l975 and 2000. From 22% to 41%. Most of the rich countries are still struggling to digest this huge growth in numbers. Now massification is spreading to the developing world. China doubled its student population in the late 1990s, and India is trying to follow suit.

C. The second reason is the rise of the knowledge economy. The world is in the grips of a “soft revolution” in which knowledge is replacing physical resources as the main driver of economic growth. Between 1985 and 1997, the contribution of knowledge-based industries to total value added increased from 51% to 59% in Germany and from 45% to 51% in Britain. The best companies are now devoting at least a third of their investment to knowledge-intensive intangibles such as R&D, licensing, and marketing. Universities are among the most important engines of the knowledge economy. Not only do they produce the brain workers who man it, they also provide much of its backbone, from laboratories to libraries to computer networks.

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Questions 14-17

The text has 7 paragraphs (A - F).

Which paragraph does each of the following headings best fit?

14  Education for the masses

15  Future possibilities

16  Globalisation and competition

17  Funding problem

Questions 18-22

According to the text, FIVE of the following statements are true.

Write the corresponding letters in answer boxes 18 to 22 in any order.

A Some universities are joining with each other.

B There are not enough graduates in developed countries.

C Most companies in developed countries devote a third of their profits to research and development.

D The number of people from developed countries studying outside their home countries has doubled in the last two decades.

E Scandinavian governments provide enough money for their universities.

F The largest university in the world is in Turkey.

G Italian students must have a five-minute interview with a professor before being accepted into university.

H Peter Drucker foresees the end of university campuses.

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