雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：The natural world

雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：The natural world

雅思阅读真题原文如下：

The natural world is dominated by cycles that are constant and repeated – the moon’s rotation around the earth, the changing of the seasons, the changes between night and day. It is these cycles or rhythms that in part control changes in our metabolism, mood and behaviour, and even the patterns of our sleep.

The circadian rhythm is the cycle that indicates when to be awake and when to be asleep. This is a daily cycle that is controlled by changes in amplitude (highs and lows) of light and temperature. As day turns to night, the sun sets and it becomes cooler. The triggers of less light and lower temperatures signal to the body that it is time to slow and begin the pattern of sleep. Of course, there may be many hours between sunset and the time people actually go to bed, but it is from this time that we generally become increasingly less alert and reaction times can be noticeably slower.

There are a number of factors that can affect our circadian rhythm. Working night shifts, which requires people to act in contradiction to the body’s natural rhythm, is perhaps the most damaging. Despite getting a good 8 hours sleep during the day, night shift workers still tend to feel drowsy for at least some of the night. This is the main factor for the increase in workplace accidents on this shift when compared to the day shift. The seasons can also affect our natural rhythm, with people having less energy during winter months when there is less sunlight and warmth to stimulate the brain. International travel, notably when travelling in excess of 4 hours, can also have a significant effect; in extreme cases, it can take up to 7 days for your rhythm to reset due to this, a phenomenon referred to as jet lag. A similar, although milder, effect can be felt in countries with daylight savings time, when the clocks are moved forward and backward depending on the season.

There are some tips for helping your body work with your circadian rhythm. First thing in the morning take a short walk outside or open all the curtains to get as much light as possible through the eyes and into the brain. Lighting levels that affect circadian rhythm in humans are higher than the levels usually used in artificial lighting in homes. In addition to the strength of the light, wavelength (or colour) of light is a factor, the best being that present in sunlight. Plan your work and other activities around the highs and lows of your temperature rhythm. For example, plan easier activities for first thing in the morning when you’re not operating at your physical best. Late morning is better for challenging tasks. After lunch you may feel like nodding off. Take scheduled breaks. The best time to exercise is in the late afternoon – your body temperature reaches its daily high, 。。。。余下雅思阅读真题原文省略！

Questions 24–30

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?

In boxes 24-30 on your answer sheet write

TRUE            if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE           if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN  If there is no information on this

24 ________________ Our reactions are at their slowest at sunset.

25 ________________ There are more accidents on the night shift because workers tend to get less sleep.

26 ________________ Limited air travel has minimal effect on the body’s circadian rhythm.

27 ________________ The circadian rhythm starts when light reaches the brain.

28 ________________ If a driver is tired, taking a short sleep, listening to music or winding down the window are all equally effective measures for keeping awake.

29 ________________ Humans share the same trends with regards their body clocks.

30 ________________ Many people take a short rest just after eating lunch.

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