雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Spot the Difference

雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Spot the Difference

A. Taxonomic history has been made this week, at least according In the World Wildlife Fund (WWF). a conservation group. Scientists have described a new species of clouded leopard from the tropical forests of Indonesia with spots (or “clouds", as they are poetically known; smaller than those of other clouded leopards, with fur a little darker and with a double as opposed to a "partial double" stripe down its back.

B. However, no previously unknown beast has suddenly leapt out from the forest. In-stead, some scientists have proposed a change in the official taxonomic accounting system of clouded leopards. Where there were four subspecies there will likely now be two species. A genetic analysis and a closer inspection of museum specimens’ coals published in Current Biology has found no relevant difference between three subspecies described 50 years ago from continental Asia and from the Hainan and Taiwan islands. The 5.000-11,000 clouded leopards on Borneo, the 3,000 -7,000 on Sumatra, and the remaining few on the nearby Batu islands can now, the authors say, claim a more elevated distinction as a species.

C. What this actually means is fuzzy and whether it is scientifically important is questionable. In any case, biologists do not agree what species and subspecies are. Creatures are given Latin first and second names (corresponding to a genus and species) according to the convention of Carl von Linné, who was born 300 years ago this May. But Linneaus, as he is more commonly known, thought of species as perfectly discrete units created by God. Darwinism has them as mutable things, generated gradually over time by natural selection. So, delineating when enough variation has evolved to justify a new category is largely a matter of taste.

D. Take ants and butterflies. Ant experts have recently been waging a war against all types of species subdivision. Lepidopterists, on the other hand, cling to the double barrel second names from their discipline’s 19th-century tradition, and categorise many local subclasses within species found over wide areas. Thus, it would be futile - if one were so inclined - to attempt to compare the diversity of ant and butterfly populations.

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Questions 1-4

The text has 7 paragraphs (A-G). Which paragraph contains each of the following pieces of information?

1 . ________How it is generally accepted that different species are named.

2 . ________The reason that conservationists are happy with the apparent discovery of a new species of leopard.

3 . ________How genes could cause a potential problem for conservationists.

4 . ________Some scientists want to change the way clouded leopards are classified into species and subspecies.

Questions 5-8

Complete the following sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text.

5 . It is difficult to decide exactly when there is enough ______ to say an animal is a new species.

6 . It is ______ to compare the number of species of ant and butterfly.

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