雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Education Philosophy of Children

雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Education Philosophy of Children

A

In 1660s, while there are few accurate statistics for child mortality in the preindustrial world, there is evidence that as many as 30 percent of all children died before they were 14 days old. Few families survived intact. All parents expected to bury some of their children and they found it difficult to invest emotionally in such a tenuous existence as a newborn child. When the loss of a child was commonplace, parents protected themselves from the emotional consequences of the death by refusing to make an emotional commitment to the infant. How else can we explain mothers who call the infant “it,” or leave dying babies in gutters, or mention the death of a child in the same paragraph with a reference to pickles?

B

One of the most important social changes to take place in the Western world in 18th century was the result of the movement from an agrarian economy to an industrial one. Increasingly, families left the farms and their small-town life and moved to cities where life was very different for them. Social supports that had previously existed in the smaller community disappeared, and problems of poverty, crime, sub-standard housing and disease increased. For the poorest children, childhood could be painfully short, as additional income was needed to help support the family and young children were forced into early employment. Children as young as 7 might be required to work full-time jobs, often under unpleasant and unhealthy circumstances, from factories to prostitution.

C

Over the course of the 1800s, establishing a background the technological advance of the mid-1880s, coupled with the creation of a middle class and the redefinition of roles of family members, meant that work and home became less synonymous over the course of time. People began to buy their children toys and books to read. As the country slowly became more dependent upon machines for work, both in rural and in urban areas, it became less necessary for children to work inside the home. With the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, John Locke was one of the most influential writers of his period. His writings on the role of government are seen as foundational to many political movements and activities, including the American Revolution and the drafting of the Declaration of Independence. His ideas are equally foundational to several areas of psychology. As the father of “British empiricism,” Locke made the first clear and comprehensive statement of the “environmental position” and, by so doing, became the father of modern learning theory. His teachings about child care were highly regarded during the colonial period in America.

D

Jean Jacquesd Rousseau lived during an era of the American and French Revolution. His works condemn distinctions of wealth, property, and prestige. In the original state of nature, according to Rousseau, people were “noble savages”, innocent, free and uncorrupted. Rousseau conveyed his educational philosophy through his famous novel Emile, in 1762, which tell the story of a boy, s education from infancy to adulthood. Rousseau observed children and adolescents extensively and spoke of children5 s individuality, but he based much of his developmental theory on observation in writing the book, and on the memories of his own childhood. Rousseau contrasts children to Developmental Psychology in Historical Perspective adults and describes age-specific characteristics. Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi lived during the early stages of industrial revolution, he sought to develop schools would nurture children’ s development. He agreed with Rousseau that humans are naturally good but were spoiled by a corrupt society. Pestalozzi’ s approach to teaching can be divided into the general and special methods. The theory was designed to create a emotionally healthy homelike learning environment that had to be in place before more specific instruction occurred.

。。。此处省略余下雅思阅读真题原文！

雅思阅读真题题目：

Question 1-5

Classify the following visitors according to the passage states A Cheese festival visitors B picnic visitors C Both

Write the correct letter A, B or C in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet

1 Who would prepare the trip several weeks in advance?

2 who are keened to watch sports activity?

3 who would spend two to three days on their trip?

4 who would like to stay in rural area?

5 who are willing to accept a variety of tour recommendation?

Questions 6-7

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 6-7 on your answer sheet.

6 who should be taught to take care of animal rights?

A Wisconsin authorities

B farmers and Urbanian

C tourists

D local business

7 What would farmers do to make extra income in Sinsinawa?

A expand their farming area

B apply government’s subsidy

C organize tour in for Dominican Sister

D Marketing local goods and service

省略余下题目！

雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Education Philosophy of Children，完整版下载，10元有偿！