2018年6月23日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Amateur Naturalists

2018年6月23日雅思阅读真题+题目+答案：Amateur Naturalists

A

Tim Sparks slides a small leather-bound notebook out of an envelope. The books yellowing pages contain beekeeping notes made between 1941 and 1969 by the late Walter Coates of Kilworth, Leicestershire. He adds it to his growing pile of local journals, birdwatchers' lists and gardening diaries, "We're uncovering about one major new record each month,” he says, “I still get surprised." Around two centuries before Coates, Robert Marsham, a landowner from Norfolk in the east of England, began recording the life cycles of plants and animals on his estate when the first wood anemones flowered, the dates on which the oaks burst into leaf and the rooks began nesting. Successive Marshams continued compiling these notes for 211 years.

B

Today, such records are being put to uses that their authors could not possibly have expected. These data sets, and others like them, ire proving invaluable to ecologists interested in the timing of biological events, or phenology. By combining the records with climate data, researchers can reveal how, for example, changes in temperature affect the arrived of spring, allowing ecologists to make improved predictions about the impact of climate change. A small band of researchers is combing through hundreds of years of records taken by thousands of amateur naturalists. And more systematic projects have also started up, producing on overwhelming response. "The amount of interest is almost frightening," says Sparks, a climate researcher at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology in Monks Wood, Cambridgeshire.

C

Sparks became aware of the army of "closet phenologists", as he describes them, when a retiring colleague gave him the Marsham records. He now spends much of his time following leads from one historical data set to another. As news of his quest spreads, people tip him off to other historical records, and more amateur phenologists come out of their closets. The British devotion to recording and collecting makes his job easier - one man from: Kent sent him 30 years' worth of kitchen calendar, on which he had noted the date that his neighbour's magnolia tree flowered.

D

Other researchers have unearthed data from equally odd sources. Rafe Sargarin recently studied records of a betting contest in which participants attempt to guess the exact time at which a specially erected wooden tripod will fall through the surface of a thawing river. The competition has taken place annually on the Tenana River in Alaska since 1917, and analysis of the results showed that the thaw now arrives five days earlier than it did when the contest began.

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雅思阅读真题题目：

Questions 27-33

The reading Passage has seven paragraphs A-H

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter A-H, in boxes 27-33 on your answer sheet

27. Definition of Phenology introduced

28. Sparks first noticed amateur records

29. Surprise function of casual data in science

30. It seems like mission impossible without enormous amateur data collection

31. Example of using amateur records for a scientific prediction

32. Records from an amateur contributed to climate change

33. Collection of old records compiled by a family of amateur naturalists

Questions 34-36

Complete the sentences below with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 34-36 on your answer sheet.

34. In Waiter Coates' records, there are plenty of information of .

35. Robert Marsham is well-known for noting animals and plants' .

36. The number of waterfowl in North America decreases because of increased according to some phenologists.

Questions 37-40

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, or D.

Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet

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